No. Proprioception is not a function of the brain's location.
The brain constructs a picture of the world by assigning various weights to signals from mechanosensory and visual neurons using mnemonic experiential data and patterns of neural activation.
The brain caries this out no matter where it's located provided the neural pathways are intact and not subjected to other stimuli like noise. I can therefore place your brain in a jar, and provided I've maintained the integrity of your neural pathways, you wouldn't know the difference until I showed you the jar.
I know this because one of my hobbies is neuroscience.
